Cryptocurrency (or crypto for short) is an internet-based medium of exchange that uses cryptographical functions to conduct financial transactions. 

Cryptocurrencies leverage blockchain technology to gain decentralization, transparency, and immutability. 

The most important feature of a cryptocurrency is that it is not controlled by any central authority: the decentralized nature of the blockchain makes cryptocurrencies theoretically immune to the old ways of government control and interference.

Cryptocurrencies can be sent directly between two parties via the use of private and public keys. These transfers can be done with minimal processing fees, allowing users to avoid the steep fees charged by traditional financial institutions.